Tag: history

Discover Longxing Temple: A Timeless Treasure of Chinese Buddhism

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Longxing Temple, also known as the Great Buddha Temple, is one of China’s oldest, largest, and best-preserved Buddhist temples. This extraordinary complex is not only a sacred site but also a magnificent testament to the architectural genius and spiritual devotion of ancient China.

Located at No. 109 Zhongshan East Road in Zhengding County, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, Longxing Temple sprawls across an impressive 82,500 square meters.

Originally established in 586 CE during the Sui Dynasty under the name Longcang Temple, it was later renamed Longxing Temple during the Tang Dynasty. In 971 CE, Emperor Taizu of the Northern Song Dynasty issued an edict to cast an enormous bronze Thousand-Armed Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva and build the splendid Hall of Great Compassion to house it.

This marked the beginning of large-scale expansion, culminating in a grand Song Dynasty architectural complex centered on the hall. Through the Jin, Yuan, and Ming Dynasties, the temple saw continued renovation and growth. In the Qing Dynasty, both Kangxi and Qianlong Emperors decreed extensive rebuilding, shaping the temple’s current layout:

  • The eastern section served as monks’ quarters
  • The central axis hosted Buddhist ceremonies
  • The western area functioned as the imperial palace quarters

In 1710, Emperor Kangxi personally inscribed the name “Longxing Temple,” an honor that reflects its enduring importance.

Today, visitors can trace a north–south axis that passes through a series of majestic structures: the Hall of Heavenly Kings, Mani Hall, the Ordination Altar, the Revolving Sutra Library, and more than a dozen other halls and pavilions. The complex is celebrated as a textbook example of ancient Chinese Buddhist temple design.

Recognized among China’s ten most famous temples, Longxing Temple was declared a Major National Historical and Cultural Site in 1961 and later designated a National AAAA Tourist Attraction.

Highlights Not to Miss

Hall of Heavenly Kings

First built in the Northern Song Dynasty, this is the oldest surviving structure of its kind within the temple. Even after a major renovation in 1780, its main timber frame remains original.

Above the entrance, plaques bearing the calligraphy of the Kangxi Emperor read:

“Imperially Established Longxing Temple”
“Hall of Heavenly Kings”

Inside stands the famous Big-Bellied Maitreya Buddha, a Jin Dynasty wood carving over 800 years old. Thoroughly localized in Chinese style, this smiling figure derives from the legendary monk Qici, known for his benevolence and laughter.

On either side stand the Four Great Heavenly Kings, each symbolizing auspicious natural forces:

  • Wind (Southern King, with a sword)
  • Harmony (Eastern King, with a lute)
  • Rain (Northern King, with a precious umbrella)
  • Compliance (Western King, with a coiled snake)

Together, they express the blessing of abundant harvests and national peace.

Mani Hall

Built in 1052, Mani Hall has an unusual cross-shaped floor plan created by four gabled annexes extending from its square central chamber.

Inside, five golden clay Buddha statues preside over the altar, with Shakyamuni Buddha at the center.

The hall’s north wall showcases a breathtaking polychrome relief nearly 16 meters long, depicting swirling clouds, celestial beings, and Avalokiteshvara stepping onto a lotus—symbolizing the entrance to the Western Pure Land.

At the heart of this scene sits the Backward-Facing Avalokiteshvara, so named because she faces north instead of south. Far from a supernatural image, this Avalokiteshvara appears as a serene, youthful woman with an expression so vivid and gentle it moves all who gaze upon her.

Visitors often remark:

“How beautiful—how extraordinary! She sits so naturally, one leg casually crossed, her eyes meeting yours wherever you stand. Her smile is as enigmatic as the Mona Lisa—truly ‘The Most Beautiful Avalokiteshvara.’”

Ordination Altar

Reserved for the most important temples, the Ordination Altar was where monks received their vows.

Inside the altar stands a unique double-sided bronze Buddha statue. Facing south is Amitabha Buddha, and facing north is Medicine Buddha. The two figures share a single body, seated back to back in lotus posture.

The statues are depicted in full lotus position, wearing five-leaf crowns, with round, gentle faces. Their necks are adorned with necklaces and their arms with bangles, while flowing sashes drape gracefully from their shoulders. Amitabha’s hands form the meditation mudra, while Medicine Buddha’s hands display the gesture of compassion.

Their expressions are serene and tranquil, exuding a quiet dignity and solemn beauty in their elegant simplicity.

Longteng Garden

To the northeast lies Longteng Garden, a Ming and Qing–style garden combining cultural heritage and tranquil scenery.

Here you’ll find:

  • Northern Dynasties stone statues
  • A Jin Dynasty scripture pillar
  • A Yuan Dynasty mural tomb
  • The Ming Dynasty Longquan Well Pavilion
  • The “Three Generations of Vice Ministers” stone archway

Meandering through its pavilions, terraces, and lush paths feels like stepping into a living scroll of history.

Cultural Traditions

Imperial Buddhist Ceremony Performance

Zhengding’s Longxing Temple is an imperial temple that was visited and funded for repairs by emperors over many dynasties. According to The Chronicles of Longxing Temple, in the 49th year of Emperor Kangxi’s reign (1710 CE), the emperor ordered funds to be allocated from the national treasury to restore Longxing Temple. After the renovations were completed, Emperor Kangxi personally came to pay homage and bestowed 19 inscribed plaques, including one reading “Longxing Temple Constructed by Imperial Decree,” all handwritten by himself.

At the end of 2011, drawing on historical records, the Cultural Heritage Office re-created the Grand Imperial Buddhist Ceremony, reenacting the scene of Emperor Kangxi’s arrival at Longxing Temple, the local officials welcoming the imperial entourage, and the emperor bestowing plaques, offering incense, and performing rituals to honor the Buddha.

Thousand-Armed Avalokiteshvara Performance

Inside the Great Compassion Pavilion of Zhengding’s Longxing Temple stands a bronze statue of the Thousand-Armed, Thousand-Eyed Avalokiteshvara, measuring 21.3 meters in height. Cast in the 4th year of the Kaibao era of the Northern Song Dynasty (971 CE), this towering bronze figure is remarkable both for its immense size and its exquisite craftsmanship.

It is the tallest and oldest ancient bronze Buddha statue of its kind in the world. It is not only a symbol of Longxing Temple but also an emblem of the ancient city of Zhengding.

The Thousand-Armed Avalokiteshvara Performance features graceful melodies and captivating dance that vividly convey the divine presence and compassion of the bodhisattva.

Longxing Temple is more than a historical monument—it is a living symbol of Chinese Buddhist art, architecture, and spirituality. Whether you come for quiet reflection, cultural discovery, or simply to stand before centuries of devotion, this magnificent temple will leave a lasting impression on your heart.

Link:https://peacelilysite.com/2025/07/04/discover-longxing-temple-a-timeless-treasure-of-chinese-buddhism/

Wealth Without Integrity: A Cautionary Tale from the Buddha

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The Buddha once taught at the Jeta Grove in Anathapindika’s Park in the kingdom of Shravasti. At that time, there lived a wealthy elder whose fortune was immeasurable. He had five intelligent daughters but no sons. Upon his passing, the law dictated that if no male heir existed, the family estate would be seized by the state. However, the elder’s wife was pregnant. His daughters humbly petitioned the king to delay the confiscation until the child was born.

Not long after, a baby boy was born. Yet to everyone’s shock, the child was severely deformed—he had no eyes, ears, tongue, hands, or feet, only male genitals. Despite this, the king acknowledged him as the rightful heir, saving the family’s wealth. The boy was named Mantuipili.

Puzzled by this karmic outcome, an elder approached the Buddha and asked, “Why would a child be born into such wealth, yet with such tragic physical deformities?”

The Buddha then revealed a powerful story from a distant past:

In a previous life, there were two noble brothers: Dhanavasita, the elder, and Shilavasita, the younger. Dhanavasita was known for his honesty and generosity from a young age. He gave freely to the poor and upheld moral integrity. Because of his character, the king appointed him as a judge, and people trusted his word above all else. At that time, written debt contracts were unnecessary—a judge’s witness sufficed.

One day, a merchant preparing for a sea voyage borrowed a large sum from Shilavasita. Bringing his young son and the money, Shilavasita went to Dhanavasita and asked, “Brother, this merchant has borrowed money. Please bear witness. If anything happens to me, ensure my son receives what is owed.”

Dhanavasita agreed. Soon after, Shilavasita passed away. The merchant’s ship was wrecked in a storm, and he barely survived, returning empty-handed. Out of compassion, Shilavasita’s son decided not to demand repayment while the merchant was destitute.

Years later, the merchant sailed again and returned wealthy. Believing the boy had forgotten or was too kind to collect the debt, the merchant decided to test him. He paraded into the city riding a jeweled horse, dressed in luxurious robes. Seeing this, the boy sent someone to request the repayment.

The merchant, seeking to avoid repayment, schemed to silence the judge. He offered a precious gem worth 100,000 silver coins to Dhanavasita’s wife, asking her to persuade the judge not to testify. She warned, “My husband is a man of virtue, but I’ll try.”

That evening, she told the judge. Dhanavasita was unwavering: “I was made a judge because of my honesty. I cannot speak even a single false word.” She returned the gem.

The merchant returned with a gem worth 200,000 silver coins, and the wife—overcome by greed—accepted. That night, she again tried to persuade her husband. He refused once more, saying, “If I lie, I will lose all honor in this life and suffer in future lives.”

In desperation, the wife threatened, “If you don’t comply, I’ll kill our child and take my own life!” Dhanavasita was heartbroken. He agonized: “If I refuse, I lose my child. If I agree, I lose my integrity and invite endless suffering.”

Overwhelmed, he gave in.

The merchant, emboldened, paraded through the streets again—this time on a jewel-adorned elephant. The boy approached him: “It’s time to repay the debt.”

Feigning confusion, the merchant said, “What debt? Who witnessed this?”
The boy replied, “My father and I gave you the money, and my uncle, the judge, was the witness.”
The two went before the judge. The boy recounted the event.
To his shock, the judge responded, “I know nothing of this matter.”
The boy cried out, “Uncle! You saw it with your own eyes and agreed to witness it. How can you deny this?”
The judge replied coldly, “That never happened.”

In deep pain, the boy exclaimed, “You were trusted for your integrity and chosen to judge others. If you betray your own nephew, how many others have suffered injustice? The truth will be known in time.”

The Buddha then turned to the elder and said: “Do you know who that judge was? He is now the deformed child, Mantuipili. Because he uttered just one false word, he fell into the great hell realms and endured tremendous suffering. For five hundred lifetimes, he was born with severe deformities. Yet due to his past acts of generosity, he continued to be born into wealthy families.

This is the law of karma. Good and evil never cancel each other out—each brings its own result, no matter how long it takes.

Therefore, practice diligently. Guard your body, speech, and mind. Never create evil karma lightly.”

This profound tale offers a timeless lesson. A single dishonest act can result in unimaginable suffering, even over lifetimes. On the other hand, a heart inclined toward generosity continues to yield blessings, regardless of outer form.

Buddhism teaches us to live with integrity, mindfulness, and compassion—not only for the peace of this life, but for the well-being of lives to come.

link: https://peacelilysite.com/2025/06/25/wealth-without-integrity-a-cautionary-tale-from-the-buddha/

Turpan’s Hidden Lifelines: The Ingenious Karez Irrigation System of Xinjiang

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Nestled in the heart of Xinjiang, the Turpan Basin holds several extraordinary records: it’s the lowest geographical point in China, and during summer, it’s the hottest place in the country. With scorching sunlight, relentless winds, and almost no rainfall, Turpan earns its title as the “Land of Fire.”

In the peak of summer, the surface temperature in the surrounding Gobi Desert can soar to 82.3°C (180.1°F), while the air temperature often exceeds 49°C (120°F). Rain is almost nonexistent—Turpan receives an average of just 16.4 mm of rainfall annually, and in some years, as little as 4.3 mm. Yet, amidst this harsh, parched environment, an ancient miracle has quietly sustained life for over two thousand years: the Karez irrigation system.

A Miracle Beneath the Earth

While nature was unforgiving above ground, it hid a gift below. Meltwater from the distant Tianshan Mountains seeps underground through coarse gravel and sand, eventually blocked by the Flaming Mountains and surfacing as springs. Ingenious local people found a way to capture and guide this underground treasure—thus, the Karez was born.

The Karez system channels water from mountain sources through a network of underground tunnels and vertical shafts, delivering it to the arid land without evaporation loss. Remarkably, this ancient system operates entirely without pumps, relying solely on gravity and terrain.

A complete Karez includes:

  • Vertical shafts for ventilation and maintenance
  • Underground tunnels to carry water
  • Open canals to distribute it
  • Storage ponds to hold it

Across Turpan’s landscape, you can still see long rows of small mounds—each one marking a shaft, a glimpse into the remarkable infrastructure below.

A Testament to Ingenuity and Endurance

The origins of the Karez can be traced back to the Han Dynasty, over 2,000 years ago. Most of the surviving systems were built during the Qing Dynasty, including during historical moments like Lin Zexu’s fourth inspection of Turpan, when over 300 new Karez channels were added, and Zuo Zongtang’s campaigns, which saw nearly 200 more constructed.

At its peak in the 1950s, there were about 1,700 Karez systems in Turpan, stretching over 3,000 kilometers. Today, about 725 remain, a number slowly dwindling due to modernization, drought, and human impact.

The construction of each Karez was no small feat. Generations of laborers worked in dark, narrow tunnels, often barefoot in icy water, chiseling stone with simple tools and oil lamps. They carried earth and rock out by hand, surviving on dry flatbread and enduring brutal conditions.

A Culture of Water, Wisdom, and Survival

More than just a hydraulic system, the Karez represents a culture—a story of human resilience, harmony with nature, and intergenerational wisdom. In this water-scarce land, the Karez has nurtured lush vineyards, fertile fields, and diverse communities, offering life where none should thrive.

Today, many of these systems are dry or abandoned, relics of a past shaped by necessity and brilliance. But for those who walk among them, they are still very much alive—whispers from the earth, reminding us of what is possible when people respect and work with nature.

If you ever find yourself in Turpan, do not miss the chance to explore the Karez wells. They are more than ancient engineering marvels—they are monuments of perseverance, and living echoes of a civilization that made the desert bloom.

Link:https://peacelilysite.com/2025/06/18/turpans-hidden-lifelines-the-ingenious-karez-irrigation-system-of-xinjiang/

Dragon Boat Festival and Duanwu Jie

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The Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanwu Jie, is one of the four major traditional Chinese festivals, alongside the Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, and Mid-Autumn Festival. It is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month of the Chinese lunar calendar, which is why it is also called the “Double Fifth Festival” (Chongwu Jie, 重五节). On the Gregorian calendar, it usually falls in late May or early June.

In addition to Chinese mainland, many other Asian countries and regions also celebrate this festival. In Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, and Taiwan, China, it is known as Bak Chang Festival (‘Dumpling Festival’). Learn more facts about the Dragon Boat Festival

Why Is Dragon Boat Festival So Important?

Many believe that the Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated to commemorate the death of Qu Yuan, a renowned Chinese poet and minister known for his patriotism and profound contributions to classical poetry. He ultimately became a national hero.

However, historical evidence shows that the origins of the Dragon Boat Festival actually predate Qu Yuan’s death. The festival’s earliest roots are tied to the fifth lunar month, which the ancients considered the “month of poison.” As summer began, people were more prone to illness, and epidemics often spread. This made the month seem ominous, prompting ancient communities to adopt various practices to ward off disease and evil spirits.

Thus, the Dragon Boat Festival was originally observed as a traditional health and wellness festival. It was a time for people to carry out rituals and customs aimed at protecting themselves from illness and repelling harmful forces.

Dragon Boat Festival

Dragon Boat Festival Customs

The customs of the Dragon Boat Festival can generally be divided into two main categories. One centers on honoring dragons and historical heroes—most notably Qu Yuan—while the other focuses on warding off evil spirits and promoting health and well-being.

1. Honoring Heroes and Dragons

a. Eating Sticky Rice Dumplings

dragon boat festival celebration, eating sticky rice dumplings

Zongzi (粽子, zòngzi) are the most iconic food of the Dragon Boat Festival. According to legend, after the patriotic poet Qu Yuan drowned himself in the river, local people threw lumps of rice into the water to prevent fish from eating his body. This evolved into the custom of making zongzi.

Traditionally, families would prepare and share homemade zongzi. Today, while some older generations still hand-make them, most people buy them from restaurants or bakeries.

Zongzi are made with glutinous rice and often filled with meats, beans, or other ingredients. They are wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves into triangular or rectangular shapes and tied with soaked stalks or colorful silk cords. Flavors and fillings vary widely across different regions of China.

b. Participating or Watching Dragon Boat Races

dragon boat festival celebration, dragon boat race

Dragon boat racing is the most exciting and prominent activity during the festival. The sport is said to have originated from people paddling out in boats to search for Qu Yuan’s body after his tragic death in 278 BCE.

Another theory suggests that the races originated more than 2,000 years ago as a ritual to worship the Dragon God or Water God.

The boats are traditionally carved and painted to resemble dragons. Depending on the region, each boat can carry 30 to 60 paddlers. Teams row in unison to the rhythm of pounding drums, creating a thrilling and energetic spectacle. Winning is believed to bring good luck and happiness for the year ahead.

Some of the most famous races take place in Hong Kong, Guangzhou, and Hangzhou.

2. Warding Off Evil and Promoting Health

a. Hanging Chinese Mugwort and Calamus

dragon boat festival celebration

The festival coincides with the early summer season, a time when illnesses were historically more common. Mugwort and calamus are medicinal herbs used to prevent disease and repel pests. Their strong fragrances are believed to drive away flies, mosquitoes, and negative energies.

On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, people clean their homes and hang these herbs on their doors to protect against illness and bring good luck.

b. Drinking Realgar Wine

dragon boat festival celebration,

A traditional saying goes: “Drinking realgar wine drives away disease and evil spirits.” Realgar wine is made from fermented grains and realgar, a red mineral (arsenic sulfide) once believed to be an all-purpose antidote.

Historically, people drank realgar wine to kill insects, detoxify the body, and protect against spiritual harm.

c. Wearing Perfume Pouches

dragon boat festival celebration,

Before the festival, parents prepare small, colorful silk pouches filled with fragrant herbs or perfume for their children. These are either worn around the neck or pinned to clothing as ornaments.

Perfume pouches are believed to offer protection from evil spirits and disease, and are a cherished custom that blends health with artistry.

The Origins of the Dragon Boat Festival

There are many legends about the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival. The most popular ones are as follows:

Why Dragon Boat Festival Celebrated

The Death of Qu Yuan

The most widely accepted origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is its commemoration of Qu Yuan (340–278 BCE), a patriotic poet and loyal official of the Chu State during the Warring States Period. When his beloved state fell to the Qin, Qu Yuan, devastated by the loss, drowned himself in the Miluo River on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month.

Local people, deeply moved by his patriotism, raced out in boats to rescue him or retrieve his body, but their efforts were in vain. To keep fish and evil spirits from disturbing his remains, they beat drums and threw rice dumplings into the river. These traditions evolved into the dragon boat races and the custom of eating zongzi that continue today.

The Unlucky Fifth Month

Another explanation for the origins of the Dragon Boat Festival relates to the traditional Chinese calendar and seasonal beliefs. Since ancient times, the fifth lunar month was considered an unlucky time and was even referred to as the “Month of Poison” (毒月). This was when the “Five Poisonous Creatures” (五毒 wǔ dú)—centipedes, scorpions, snakes, toads, and spiders—began to appear in greater numbers due to the warming weather. Disease, pestilence, and natural disasters were also more prevalent during this period.

The fifth day of the fifth month, or the “Double Fifth,” was seen as especially ominous. To protect themselves, people hung wormwood and calamus on their doorways and wore sachets of fragrant mugwort (xiāng bāo, 香包). The sword-like shape and pungent aroma of calamus were believed to repel both pests and evil spirits. For this reason, the Dragon Boat Festival is also sometimes referred to as the “Calamus Festival” (菖蒲节 Chāngpú Jié).

These rich and varied customs reflect the Dragon Boat Festival’s deep cultural significance, blending ancient health practices with heartfelt traditions of honor, protection, and community celebration.

Link:https://peacelilysite.com/2025/06/05/dragon-boat-festival-and-duanwu-jie/

Source: https://www.chinahighlights.com/festivals/dragon-boat-festival.htm

A Serene Masterpiece: The Water-Moon Guanyin at the Nelson-Atkins Museum

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Tucked within the tranquil halls of the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art stands a breathtaking wooden sculpture of Water-Moon Guanyin from the Liao Dynasty—a work hailed as “the most magnificent surviving sculpture in China” and “a triumph of religion and aesthetics.” It has also been honored by the media as “one of the thirty finest works held in American public institutions.”

Officially labeled by the museum as “Guanyin of the Southern Sea,” this statue rises to an impressive height of 2.4 meters. Aside from the right forearm, the entire figure—including its base—was masterfully carved from a single block of wood. Dating back to the 11th or 12th century (Liao or Jin Dynasty), the sculpture has been remarkably well-preserved over the centuries.

This Guanyin is an extraordinary example of religious artistry. Her face is gently sculpted with refined features—serene, graceful, and quietly majestic. Adorned with a jeweled crown, her eyes are softly closed, gazing downward in meditation and compassion. The statue’s pose reflects the elegance and wisdom traditionally associated with the feminine form, especially in the flowing hand gestures—while still retaining some subtle masculine traits in the upper body, a nod to Guanyin’s transcendent nature.

In classic iconography, Water-Moon Guanyin is often portrayed seated on a rock or lotus throne, gazing compassionately at the world. In this sculpture, she sits with one leg bent and the other gracefully draped downward. Her right arm rests lightly on her knee, fingers gently curved, as she gazes diagonally downward with a calm smile—evoking the image of the moon reflected in water. This visual metaphor powerfully symbolizes a core Buddhist teaching: the illusion of form and the essence of emptiness.

Every aspect of the statue—the proportions, the flowing posture, the tranquil expression—conveys a sense of effortless grace, inner freedom, and compassionate presence. It is a piece that invites quiet reflection, stirring something deep within the soul of the viewer.

The Legend Behind the Water-Moon Guanyin

The form of Water-Moon Guanyin, also known as “Auspicious Water Guanyin” or “Auspicious Water Bodhisattva,” is one of the most beloved among the thirty-three manifestations of Guanyin in Chinese Buddhist tradition. Interestingly, the name “Water-Moon” does not come from early Buddhist scriptures, but rather from Chinese folklore—born of the fusion between Buddhism and indigenous Chinese culture.

According to legend, Guanyin once appeared in Suzhou during a time of war, where she witnessed the brutal slaughter of civilians by the Jin army. Out of great compassion, she transformed into a beautiful woman, built a ritual platform, and began chanting sutras to deliver the souls of the dead. When her recitation was complete, someone among the crowd recognized her divine aura and asked to see her true form.

The Bodhisattva pointed to the riverbank. There, reflected in the still waters, was the image of a radiant full moon, within which her sacred figure appeared—graceful and ethereal. Among the witnesses was a talented artist named Qiu Zijing, who quickly sketched the vision. As his painting circulated, this image came to be known and venerated as the Water-Moon Guanyin.

A Space Worthy of the Divine

To properly honor this extraordinary statue, the Nelson-Atkins Museum created an expansive Chinese Temple Gallery. Behind Guanyin stands a Yuan Dynasty mural titled “Assembly of the Radiant Buddha,” originally from Guangsheng Temple in Shanxi Province. Above hangs a carved Ming Dynasty coffered ceiling adorned with dragons, while in front, finely carved lattice doors from a Qing Dynasty official’s residence in Beijing complete the immersive setting.

This harmonious environment allows visitors to experience the sculpture not just as a museum piece, but as a living expression of faith, beauty, and timeless spiritual insight.

https://www.orientations.com.hk/highlights/creating-spaces-for-asian-art-c-t-loo-and-the-nelson-atkins-museum-of-art

https://www.orientations.com.hk/highlights/creating-spaces-for-asian-art-c-t-loo-and-the-nelson-atkins-museum-of-art

The Water-Moon Guanyin at the Nelson-Atkins Museum is more than an ancient sculpture—it is a sacred embodiment of compassion, artistry, and transcultural storytelling. Whether viewed through the lens of religion, history, or aesthetics, it stands as a serene reminder of the enduring power of beauty to transcend time and touch the human spirit.

Link:https://peacelilysite.com/2025/05/21/a-serene-masterpiece-the-water-moon-guanyin-at-the-nelson-atkins-museum/

The “Banqi” Style: A Masterpiece of Artistic Innovation

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Going to a Faraway School in the Mountains
《山間遠學》


Artist: H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III
H.H.第三世多杰羌佛
Style: Banqi（版氣派）

This exquisite painting, rendered in the unique “Banqi” style, captures a touching scene of children from mountain villages on their way to school. Unlike city children, these young students must trek across rugged terrain—climbing mountains, crossing ravines—day after day to pursue their education. Their journey is filled with challenges, yet their unwavering determination and thirst for knowledge shine through. This artwork serves as a tribute to their resilience, reminding us all of the value of education and the perseverance required to achieve greatness.

A Revolutionary Artistic Technique

What makes this painting extraordinary is its unconventional brushwork, which blends the bold energy of ink-wash painting with the refined precision of engraving. Every stroke, whether light or dark, delicate or bold, exudes an artistic charm that is both fluid and structured. The layering of ink and color creates depth, while the intricate texture gives the illusion of an engraved plate print, despite being entirely painted by hand. The brushwork is dynamic—lines seem to break and reconnect, mimicking the traditional elegance of carved stone seals. This interplay between spontaneity and meticulous control infuses the painting with life, movement, and a profound sense of authenticity.

What Is the “Banqi” Style?

The “Banqi” style is a rare and fascinating artistic approach that combines the visual impact of printmaking with the expressive freedom of brush painting. While these works resemble engravings at first glance, they are, in fact, purely ink-wash paintings—imbued with an effortless yet profound beauty that is both natural and lively. Beneath their structured appearance lies a deep, inexhaustible charm, where each stroke carries an essence of tradition, innovation, and artistic mastery.

Through this masterpiece, we witness not only a compelling story of perseverance but also a groundbreaking artistic vision—one that harmonizes the precision of engraving with the fluid grace of brush painting. It is a celebration of both form and spirit, a true testament to the boundless possibilities of art.

This beautiful artwork is part of the permanent exhibition at the International Art Museum of America, located in downtown San Francisco.

Link:https://peacelilysite.com/2025/03/21/the-banqi-style-a-masterpiece-of-artistic-innovation/

Celebrating the Chinese Lunar Lantern Festival: A Journey Through Tradition and Light

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The Chinese Lunar Lantern Festival, also known as the Yuan Xiao Festival, is a vibrant celebration that marks the end of the Chinese New Year festivities. This enchanting festival, rich in history and culture, is an opportunity for families to come together, enjoy delicious food, and marvel at the stunning displays of lanterns that illuminate the night sky.

The Origin of the Lantern Festival

The Lantern Festival is a traditional Chinese holiday that dates back over 2,000 years to the Western Han Dynasty. The custom of enjoying lanterns began during the Ming Dynasty under Emperor Ming, who promoted Buddhism. It is said that on the 15th day of the first lunar month, monks would observe Buddhist relics and light lamps in reverence. In response, the emperor ordered that lamps be lit in the palace and temples on this night, encouraging both nobles and commoners to hang lanterns. Over time, this Buddhist ceremonial festival gradually evolved into a grand folk celebration. The festival has transitioned from the imperial court to the general public and expanded from the Central Plains to the entire country. As the tradition evolved, lanterns became a central feature of the celebrations, symbolizing hope, prosperity, and good fortune.

How the Chinese Celebrate the Festival

The Lantern Festival is celebrated with various customs and activities that bring communities together. Here are some of the most cherished traditions:

Eating Tangyuan: A key highlight of the festival is the consumption of tangyuan, sweet glutinous rice balls filled with various fillings such as sesame paste, red bean paste, or peanut butter. These round dumplings symbolize family unity and togetherness.

Fireworks: In many regions, fireworks are set off to celebrate the occasion, adding to the festive atmosphere and marking the end of the New Year celebrations.

Lion Dances and Dragon Dances: Traditional lion and dragon dances are performed to ward off evil spirits and bring good luck. The rhythmic drumming and vibrant costumes add to the festive spirit.

Lantern Displays: People of all ages create and display colorful lanterns, often in intricate shapes and designs. These lanterns can be found in parks, streets, and temples, creating a magical atmosphere.

Solving Lantern Riddles: A fun and engaging activity during the festival is solving riddles written on lanterns. Families and friends gather to test their wits and enjoy the playful competition.

The Most Beautiful Places to See Lanterns

If you’re looking to experience the beauty of the Lantern Festival, several locations across China are renowned for their stunning lantern displays:

  1. Beijing: The city’s parks, such as the Yuanmingyuan Park and the Temple of Earth Park, host impressive lantern displays, attracting thousands of visitors each year.
  2. Shanghai: The Yuyuan Garden in Shanghai is transformed into a lantern wonderland, featuring elaborate designs and a lively atmosphere, making it a must-visit during the festival.
  3. Hangzhou: Known for its picturesque West Lake, Hangzhou hosts beautiful lantern displays that reflect off the water, creating a breathtaking sight.
  4. Chaozhou: This city in Guangdong Province is famous for its traditional lantern-making techniques, and visitors can witness the craftsmanship and creativity of local artisans.
Beijing

Beijing

Beijing

HangZhou

Shanghai

Shanghai Yuyuan Lanter Festival
ChaoZhou

Chaozhou

Chaozhou

Chaozhou

Kunming Da Guan Lou

Kunming Da Guan Lou

The Chinese Lunar Lantern Festival is a captivating celebration that brings together tradition, culture, and community. As families gather to enjoy delicious food, admire beautiful lanterns, and participate in lively activities, the festival serves as a reminder of the importance of unity and hope. Whether you’re in China or celebrating from afar, the Lantern Festival is a time to reflect on the past year and look forward to the future, illuminated by the light of countless lanterns.

Link:https://peacelilysite.com/2025/02/13/celebrating-the-chinese-lunar-lantern-festival-a-journey-through-tradition-and-light/

The Enchanting Red Panda: A Masterpiece by H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III

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In this exquisite artwork, the slightly reddish small animal depicted is an extraordinarily rare and precious creature known as the red panda, also referred to as the small panda. H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III, with His masterful artistic techniques, brings this delicate creature to life in a way that captivates the viewer’s heart.

The red panda, native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China, is known for its striking reddish-brown fur, bushy ringed tail, and expressive face. H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III skillfully captures these natural features, emphasizing the panda’s endearing innocence and elegance. The slightly upturned tail, adorned with subtle yet distinct spots, adds a dynamic sense of movement and charm. This tail gracefully echoes the surrounding elements of nature, blending harmoniously with the drooping round leaves of the willow branches. The careful balance between the animal and its environment enhances the visual poetry of the piece.

A particularly remarkable aspect of this painting is the technique used to depict the panda’s face. H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III employs a calligraphic brushstroke style, reminiscent of traditional Chinese ink painting, to portray the panda’s features with simplicity yet profound expressiveness. The crystal-clear, soulful eyes seem to glisten with life, while the velvety black fur is rendered with such fluidity and precision that it conveys both softness and texture.

Through masterful control of brush pressure, ink flow, and color layering, H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III achieves a perfect balance of realism and artistic interpretation. Each stroke reveals deep insight into both the subject’s physical form and its spiritual essence, a hallmark of true artistic mastery.

The meticulous attention to detail and the profound artistic wisdom evident in this painting reflect H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III’s extensive experience and unparalleled skill. This artwork is not merely a visual delight but a spiritual expression, reminding viewers of the beauty and fragility of life and the interconnectedness between all living beings and nature. It stands as a testament to the profound depth of both artistic technique and compassionate vision embodied in the works of H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III.

This beautiful artwork is part of the permanent exhibition at the International Art Museum of America, located in downtown San Francisco.

Link:https://peacelilysite.com/2025/01/10/the-enchanting-red-panda-a-masterpiece-by-h-h-dorje-chang-buddha-iii/

Exploring the Timeless Charm of Pingyao Ancient City

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Pingyao Ancient City – The Best-preserved Ancient City in China

Pingyao Ancient City, with over 2,700 years of history, remains one of China’s best-preserved ancient cities. Its authentic layout features long, ancient city walls, elegant residences, courtyards, and a maze of streets and alleys that evoke the bustling county life of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Designated a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site in 1997 alongside Shuanglin and Zhenguo Temples, Pingyao is one of the Four Most-Preserved Ancient Cities in China, making it a must-visit for those keen on history and culture.

A Journey Through Time

Pingyao was founded during the Western Zhou Dynasty in the 8th century BC, and it grew significantly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Unlike many ancient cities, it has survived wars and modernization, making it even older and more intact than famous counterparts like Lijiang Old Town, Huizhou Ancient City, and Langzhong Ancient City.

As the seat of county government since the Qin Dynasty (221 BC), Pingyao’s prominence only increased when its city walls were rebuilt and expanded in 1370. With over 400 ancient residential houses, government offices, shops, banks, and temples still standing, the city offers visitors a glimpse into traditional Chinese life, commerce, and religion.

Pingyao’s Unique Architecture

The architecture of Pingyao is one of its greatest treasures. Beyond its famous city walls and financial institutions, the city’s homes and structures reveal traditional design principles of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Constructed using ancient techniques and materials, Pingyao’s buildings retain exquisite details in layout, decorations, and craftsmanship. When viewed from above, the city’s layout resembles a turtle, with the Southern Gate as its head, the Northern Gate as its tail, and the east and west gates representing its limbs.

Must-See Highlights in Pingyao

Ancient City Wall
Built in 1370, Pingyao’s city walls stretch over 6,163 meters and are considered among the best-preserved in China. The walls stand 12 meters high, and at the top, you can explore 72 watchtowers, said to symbolize the 72 disciples of Confucius. Walking along the walls offers breathtaking views of the city below, the surrounding countryside, and the ancient military equipment once used to defend this historic town.

Rishengchang Former Bank
As China’s first modern bank, established in 1823, Rishengchang revolutionized financial operations in the Qing Dynasty. The museum here offers a fascinating look at China’s banking history, with exhibits on ancient financial tools, account books, and original working scenes.

North China First Escort Agency
Known for its armed escorts protecting valuables, this agency thrived during the Qing Dynasty. Today, it’s a museum that tells the history of these brave escorts, showcasing the tools and techniques they used to safeguard goods during China’s bustling commercial era.

Pingyao Ancient Government Office
Dating back over 600 years, this grand office complex served as the seat of government in feudal China. Visitors can tour its judicial halls, ancient jails, and living quarters, and even watch performances of ancient court proceedings.

Temple of the City God
One of the most well-preserved City God temples in China, this Ming Dynasty complex is located in the eastern part of the city. With stunning wooden architecture, colored glazes, and vibrant frescoes, it’s a peaceful spot to take in the spiritual atmosphere while admiring the craftsmanship of centuries past.

Exploring Beyond the City

Pingyao Ancient City is part of a UNESCO-listed trio that includes the nearby Shuanglin and Zhenguo Temples, each rich with history and cultural significance.

  • Zhenguo Temple
    Although less known, Zhenguo Temple is a hidden gem, offering an impressive array of ancient painted sculptures from the Five Dynasties period. The Ten Thousand Buddha Hall houses statues with a powerful presence, showcasing techniques that date back to the Tang Dynasty.

  • Shuanglin Temple
    Located just 6 kilometers from Pingyao, Shuanglin Temple is a masterpiece of Chinese painted sculpture, with over 2,000 Ming Dynasty statues that appear lifelike, capturing human emotions and worldly charm.

The Thousand-hand Avalokitesvara

A Culinary Adventure in Pingyao

Pingyao boasts 108 types of local snacks and dishes, with noodles being the star. The city’s famous Pingyao Beef is a must-try, thinly sliced and bursting with flavor. Another local favorite is Pingyao Wantuo, a buckwheat dish with a chewy texture that’s perfect for summer, known for its cooling and detoxifying properties.

The environment is also a quaint restaurant

Tips for a Budget-Friendly Trip

Many tourist traps in Pingyao are located near the city’s outer entrances. Avoid being lured in by promotions outside and head straight into the ancient city for an authentic experience. Once inside, you can explore freely, with many areas open to the public.

  • Ancient City Pass: The ¥125 pass includes access to 22 attractions, such as the city walls, government offices, and temples. If you’re just looking to wander the streets and grab a bite, entry to the ancient city itself is free. The pass is valid for three days and can be purchased via the official “Pingyao Ancient City Scenic Area” mini-program. Discounts are available for students, military personnel, and seniors.

Where to Stay: Accommodations in Pingyao

Staying inside the ancient city is the best way to fully immerse yourself in Pingyao’s charm. Not only is it convenient for sightseeing, but it also allows you to enjoy the beautiful night views and avoid the peak tourist times. Homestays within the city are affordable, ranging from ¥100-200+ per night, with some offering traditional heated beds that add a touch of historical authenticity to your stay.

However, be sure to check the reviews and photos before booking, as the quality of accommodations can vary. Some rooms may be small or lack private bathrooms, so it’s essential to do a little research beforehand.

Pingyao Ancient City is vast, so if your time is limited, focus on exploring the main attractions around South Street and East Street. For those staying longer, take the time to wander the quieter alleys to experience local life and discover hidden gems beyond the tourist hotspots.

Pingyao Ancient City offers a unique window into China’s rich history and cultural heritage. With its well-preserved architecture, vibrant temples, and fascinating museums, it’s a destination that promises to transport you back in time, offering unforgettable experiences at every turn.

Link:https://peacelilysite.com/2024/09/20/exploring-the-timeless-charm-of-pingyao-ancient-city/

Source: https://www.chinadiscovery.com/shanxi/pingyao/pingyao-ancient-city.html, https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20210825A00UZJ00

Inheriting Traditional Painting Techniques and Pioneering Modern Artistic Styles

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Chinese Landscape Paintings by H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III

Painting is the artist’s pursuit of passion, and the artist’s spiritual realm and artistic insight determine the quality of the work. H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III once said, “Every artist must tread the path of learning from the past while innovating for the future. Learning from the past embodies tradition, while innovation demands the fusion of Eastern and Western art, philosophy, aesthetics, and literature into a unified whole. This entails grasping the true essence, understanding the inner and outer spirit of the subject, navigating the transitions between the internal and external, the virtual and the real, and infusing rhythm into one’s creations. The result is a work that flows freely, exudes power, and embodies both familiarity and uniqueness. It conceals craftsmanship while remaining wild yet disciplined, possessing a distinct personality and charm. Upon reaching this stage, one can embark on the pursuit of egolessness and the true essence of emptiness and colorlessness. This journey leads to a profound, rich, elevated, and vibrant artistic realm that offers people the joy of beauty. With such mastery, Chinese painting can take a significant leap forward and ultimately stand as a world-class masterpiece.”

Let’s appreciate two masterpieces painted by H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III and gain deep insights into innovation rooted in tradition.

Ancient Style Emergence

The landscape painting “Ancient Style Emergence” captivates viewers at first sight with its unique style and transcendent meaning. The simple and unadorned lines depict rugged cliffs, hills, forests, and cottages. Layers of ink washes render the rocks thick and the mountain mists hazy. The clustering mountains and overlapping peaks evoke the ancient charm of Yuan dynasty landscape paintings while also embodying a contemporary innocence. Beneath the moistened ink, clouds flicker and smoke swirls. The tree crowns, mountain shadows, and distant peaks are rendered in a nearly pale ink-like gray-green hue, creating a rich and deep landscape. The sunlit sides of the hills and rocks are lightly tinted with a bright ochre, resembling vermillion, which contrasts vividly with the large areas of gray-green, lending the painting a magnificent and ancient beauty.

The pristine and dust-free atmosphere depicted in the painting stands in stark contrast to the noisy scenes of the mundane world, perhaps serving as a reminder for viewers to awaken to the beauty of life.

The brushstrokes in the painting are highly calligraphic, lively, and modern, diverging significantly from traditional landscape depictions. It represents a landscape of the heart, created purely through brush and ink.

While lacking the specific forms of traditional paintings that one can wander and inhabit, it possesses a more authentic and dynamic charm of modern art, particularly evident in its abstract qualities, which resonate deeply with contemporary audiences.

This landscape painting is created by H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III, characterized by its straightforward and lively brushwork, as well as its modern sensibility.

Setting Sail to the East

“Setting Sail to the East,” this painting employs thirsty brush and light ink, with free and bold strokes, abandoning the meticulousness of carving. Horizontal and vertical brushstrokes appear to be dragging mud and water, yet they possess the strength to carry a heavy weight. The brushwork is seasoned and heavy, yet balanced between reality and illusion.

In the foreground, there is a poetic dense willow forest, where two stubborn rocks seem to be “nodding” to each other, engaged in intimate conversation, perhaps narrating the endless past and future of the mundane world. In the middle ground, there are two simple small boats, leisurely passing through the river, seemingly minimalist yet imbuing the scene with a rich humanistic atmosphere. In the distance, distant mountains are depicted with dry brush and thirsty ink, subtly rendered with a watery light ochre, evoking the elegant beauty of classical Chinese paintings, reminiscent of the dry autumn wind and the moist spring rain, yet with a strong modern painting atmosphere.

This is a masterpiece of landscape painting with profound underlying themes and innovative imagery. Its lofty style, deep meaning, grand momentum, and charming spirit all stem from H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III’s profound philosophical thoughts and masterful brushwork. The inscription on the painting reads: “Drawing on tradition for innovation, entering the wonderful realm of the written scroll.” The brushwork is arranged in a skillful and coherent manner, serving as the backbone of the painting and the soul of the entire composition.

The term “vivid charm” embodies the artistic realm of the calligrapher and painter. H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III‘s landscape painting art transcends the ordinary and mundane, achieving a level of artistry that is beyond compare, with a spiritual realm that has become a benchmark in contemporary painting art.

Chinese Landscape Paintings by H.H. Dorje Chang Buddha III

Link:https://peacelilysite.com/2024/03/27/inheriting-traditional-painting-techniques-and-pioneering-modern-artistic-styles/

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